1.
1. I maintain that all men, when people talk about them, and especially rulers, because they hold positions of authority, are described in terms of qualities that are inextricably linked to censure or to praise.
我认为,当人们谈论他人——特别是统治者,因为他们执掌大权——的时候,总是借用品质来衡量这些人,而这些品质又不可避免地与或毁或誉联系在一起。
2.
2. He is deprived of hold positions of authority he formerly enjoyed.
他被剥夺了过去享有的一切社会地位和政治权力。