absence是什么意思_absence的用法

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n.(名词)

缺席，不在，缺勤，不在这里，不在场
缺乏，缺少
心不在焉
不注意
外出，离开，在外
失踪
失掉，丧失
无，不存在，没有
不在场的次数或时间，不在的时间

n.(名词)

[U][C]缺席; 不在 the fact of sb being away from a place where they are usually expected to be; the occasion or period of time when sb is away
[C]不存在; 缺乏 the fact of sb/sth not existing or not being available; non-existence; lack

noun

1. failure to be present

2. the state of being absent

e.g. he was surprised by the absence of any explanation

3. the occurrence of an abrupt, transient loss or impairment of consciousness (which is not subsequently remembered), sometimes with light twitching, fluttering eyelids, etc.
common in petit mal epilepsy

Synonym: absence seizure

4. the time interval during which something or somebody is away

e.g. he visited during my absence

1. 不在；缺席
Someone's absence from a place is the fact that they are not there.

e.g. ...a bundle of letters which had arrived for me in my absence...
我不在期间寄给我的一大堆信件
e.g. Eleanor would later blame her mother-in-law for her husband's frequent absences.
埃莉诺过后会因丈夫经常不在家而责怪婆婆。

2. 缺乏；不存在
The absence of something from a place is the fact that it is not there or does not exist.

e.g. The presence or absence of clouds can have an important impact on heat transfer...
有无云层对热量的传递会产生重要的影响。
e.g. In the absence of a will the courts decide who the guardian is.
在没有遗嘱的情况下，由法庭指定监护人。

3. see also: leave of absence
conspicuous by one's absence -> see conspicuous

1. 缺乏：我们的'自身',在未同他人和他物发生关系以前,在本质上是一种'缺乏'(absence). 作为缺乏,自身永远需求建构和重建它所期望的同他人和同他物的关系. 所以,自身虽然深处于人的生命活动过程内部,但它那只属于其自身的生命力本身,

常用短语
相关词组
常用例句
经典引文

用作名词(n.)

1. leave of absence : 假期；

2. absence of mind : 心不在焉；

用作名词(n.)

Absence increased as a result of the spread of the disease.
由于疾病的蔓延,缺席人数增加了。
Absence diminished as the new regulations are enforced.
由于执行了新规章,缺席情况减少了。
Absence and distance make the overseas Chinese heart increasingly fond of their homeland.
华侨离乡背井,远居海外,因此他们在感情上越来越向往故乡。
His frequent and prolonged absences were making his wife suspicious.
他频繁且长时间的不在家引起了妻子的怀疑。
Her husband's absence increased the weight on her shoulders.
丈夫不在,加重了她肩上的担子。
He didn't notice your absence.
他没有发现你缺席。
He made up a story to explain his absence.
他编造谎言为他的缺席开脱。
Nobody could explain his absence.
没有人能解释他缺席的原因。
I was much disappointed at his absence.
他不在,我很失望。
His illness accounts for his absence.
他因为生病,所以才缺席。
He went to the dean to ask for a two-day leave of absence.
他找系主任想请两天假。
He has got leave of absence for a week.
他已请准一周的假。
It is not John's intention to take advantage of her absence.
约翰不想趁她不在时搞什么名堂。
We are concerned about your child's frequent absences.
你的孩子频繁缺课使我们很担心。
After a long absence, he has returned to doing TV work.
他长期没有露面,现在又回来做电视工作了。
You were conspicuous by your absence yesterday.
你昨天因缺席而引人注意。
Behave yourself during my absence.
我不在时要规矩点。
Please act for me during my absence.
我不在时,请充当我的全权代表。
They remained in their seats during my absence.
我离席时他们仍呆在自己的座位上。
Please look after my office during my absence at home.
我没上班呆在家中时,请照料一下我的办公室。
Caroline will be in charge of the office during my absence.
我不在的时候,办公室由卡罗琳负责。
A new manager was appointed during your absence.
你不在的时候任命了一位新经理。
A stranger brought you this letter during your absence.
你不在时，一个陌生人给你捎来了这封信。
We did not receive any news during his long absence.
我们在他长期离开的时候没有得到一点消息。
She returned from a day's absence.
她离开一天后回来了。
A good many of the degrees were conferred in absence.
很多学位都是缺席授予的。
I am on leave of absence.
我正在休假。
Many families today were conscious of absences.
如今许多家庭都觉得少了人。
The apparent cause of his absence was a bad cold.
他缺席的原因表面上看来是重感冒。

I was..sentenced to death in my absence, so I said they could shoot me in my absence.
出自：B. Behan
Her absences..were spent in mysterious ploys of her own.
出自：B. Pym

词语用法
词义讲解
词源解说

n.(名词)

absence的基本意思是某人“缺席; 离开; 不在场”,通常指该在而“不在”。指“不在”或“缺席”这一事实时是不可数名词; 指“不在场的次数或时间”时是可数名词,有复数形式。引申可表示某人、某物或某事“缺乏”或者“不存在”,即不具有应具备或想要的东西。
absence 接介词 from表示“离开某地,不在某地”; 接介词 at 或 in表示“不在某地而在他处”; 接介词of表示某人、某物或者某事物“缺乏”或者“不存在”。而in absence意为“在缺乏或不存在的情况下”; in sb's absence意为“当某人不在时,在某人离开时”; in the absence of则意为“在缺少…时”。

n.(名词)

absence, lack, shortage, want: 这组词都有“缺乏”的意思。其区别是：
1.从内容上说:absence指在某一特定的场合应具备或想要的某一事物或事实; lack指应具备或需要的东西; shortage指按规定应具备或需要的数量; want则指缺少必不可少的东西,尤指为一整体的完美所必须具备的东西。
2.从程度上说:absence指根本就不存在; lack指完全没有或不够充足; shortage指部分短缺或开始减少; want则指缺少。
3.从用法上说:absence, lack和want都是不可数名词,间或可加不定冠词; 而shortage可用作不可数名词,也可用作可数名词。

☆ 14世纪晚期进入英语，直接源自古法语的absence，意为离开；最初源自拉丁语的absens，意为不在场，离开。

近义词
反义词
临近词

absence

absence

absence基本解释

Good

why

what

this